University of Georgia

The basic writing style used by the University of Georgia is the APA Style. The main standards of APA Style are maintained publishing the books in Georgian language though according to the specifications of Georgian language some standards are omitted.

General:

Your papers must be typed on a computer.
Use one inch margins on the left, right, top, and bottom of the page.
Use normal paragraphs in which the first line is indented five characters for all paragraphs in the manuscript (except the abstract, block quotes, titles and headings, subheadings, references, table titles, notes, and figure captions).
Use a 12 point font.
Make sure the text is left aligned.
The first sentence of a paragraph must be independent (able to stand on its own).
Try not to use slang.
All measurement reporting is done in metric units.
The numbers zero through nine are spelled out (except when it is a table or figure number, or a metric measurement, etc.). The numbers 10 and above are written as numbers.
Spell out any number when it is the first thing in a sentence. For example, the sentence 34 students were used., is not appropriate and should read Thirty-four students were used.
If you use someone's words or ideas, you must give them credit with a citation. This is particularly important, since the penalties for plagiarism are severe.
There are numerous ways to formally cite a reference in the text. Examples include Some fact (last name, year)., Last name (year) noted that..., or In <year>, <last name> reported that... For more ideas, pay close attention to the articles you read.
The first time the reference is cited in the text, spell out all of the authors last names. For example, Miller, Rosellini, and Seligman (1975) suggested that... With articles that have three or more authors use the Latin abbreviation for "and others" when the reference is cited a second (or third) time. For example, Miller et al. (1975) suggested that... or ... some fact (Miller et al., 1975).
Multiple citations in parentheses are placed alphabetically and are separated by a semicolon and a space. For example, Some fact (Carlson, 1972; Moon, 1968; Partin, 1980).
If you cite something second hand, you must make it clear (e.g., Some fact (Smith, as cited in Jones, Year)). Note that in this example, only the Jones reference would be placed in the reference section.
You must give page numbers for direct quotes. For example, Smith (1978) noted that "the world is round" (p. 1).
Three or four quotes in a 10 page paper is about the upper limit.
Display a quotation of more than 40 words as free-standing block of text indented 5 spaces from the left margin (doubles spaced as usual). Omit the quotation marks and include the page number in parentheses after the last period. Also, if the quotation is more than one paragraph, indent the first line of the second and any additional paragraphs 5 spaces.

Abstract

Center the word Abstract on this page, then begin typing on the very next double-spaced line
Type this section as a single (double spaced) paragraph in block format (i.e., do not use indentation).
The purpose of this section is to provide a brief and comprehensive summary of the study. It is very important because it is all that many people will read. It should include a brief description of the problem being investigated, the methods used, the results, and their implications.
It should be accurate (do not include information here that is not in the body of the manuscript), self-contained (spell out abbreviations), concise (120 word maximum), and specific (begin this section with the most important information and limit it to the four or five most important concepts, findings, or implications of the study).
Avoid citing references in the abstract.
Paraphrase rather than quoting.
Use active rather than passive voice (but without personal pronouns).
Use past tense for procedures and present tense for results.

References

Start on a new page. Center the word References at the top. As usual, double space.
Any citations made in the manuscript must be presented in this section and vice versa.
This section is alphabetized by last name (of the first author involved in the study).
A hanging indent is employed for each reference, that is, the first line is not indented and the rest are five-space indented.
For each author, give the last name followed by a comma and the first (and middle) initials followed by periods.
Separate multiple authors with commas.
After the author(s) comes the year (in parentheses and followed by a period).
For a journal reference, italicize the title of the journal and the volume number.
For a book reference, just italicize the title. Only capitalize the first word of the title. Do include the city, state (as a two-letter abbreviation without periods), and the publisher's name.

Tables

Type the table number and then (on the next double spaced line) type the table title flush left and italicized.

Figures

'Figures' is the technical term for graphs, charts, drawings and pictures.
Center each figure on the page vertically as well as horizontally and arrange for the figure to use the bulk of the page.
If the figure is a chart or graph, verbally label the axes (do not use "X" and "Y").